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s[lif lrGtg ======
5}g w}o{ ca, w]/} j]/;Dd ljsf; s'/]/ a:g] s[lif / ls;fgnfO{
· g]kfnL eg]+sf ls;fg x'g\ . t/ ls;fgx¿nfO{ ;'v, ;'la:tf, zflGt / r}g 5}g . jiff}+{b]lv blab}+, lklN;b} cfPsf 5g\ s[lif / ls;fg . s[lif k]zf pk]lIft 5, bogLo 5 . ;a} eGbf lg/Lx, lgwf]{ ag]sf 5g\ ls;fgx¿ . clg t ls;fg czfGt 5g\ . ha;Dd k]6df dfd / xftdf sfd x'Gg, ta;Dd ls;fg czfGt eO{ g} /xG5g\ .
· s[lifsf] ljsf;, ls;fgsf] ljsf; / g]kfn / g]kfnLsf] ljsf; Pp6} l;Ssfsf b'O{ kf6f x'g\, Pscsf{sf k"/s x'g\, ko{fo x'g\ .
· g]kfn ;d:ofx¿sf] lxdfn xf] . g]kfnsf ;d:ofx¿sf] r'nL ;u/dfyf eGbf cUnf] x'g;S5, olb r'nfpg] xf] eg]+ . 7"n7"nf ;d:ofx¿ 5g\ . hlt 7"nf] dfG5] Tolt 7"nf] ;d:of . hlt 7"nf] a:tL, Tolt 7"nf] ;d:of . 7"n7"nf dflg;sf 7"n7"nf ;d:ofx¿ . ;;fgf dflg;, sfd / dfdsf] ;d:of . ;ªVof / ;3gtfdf 7"nf hdftsf ;;fgf ;d:ofx¿sf] cg'kftdf w]/} dfqfdf km/s x'g ;Sb5 .
· clxn] ;d:ofsf r'/f] klxNofpg], ;d:ofsf lgbfg vf]Hg kxn ;'? ePsf] 5 . ev{/ hgfb]z kfPsf] gofF g]t[Tjtxaf6 . s:tf ;d:ofn] k|fyldstf kfpg]< el/Psf] k]6sf] jf vfnL k]6sf] <
· xfd|f] cf}Fnf]n] :ki6 ¿kdf s[lif / ls;fgnfO{ OlËt ub{5 . clxn]sf] o; ;+ljwfg;efsf k|ltlglwx¿sf] rog jf:tjdf ls;fgx¿n] rog u/]sf k|ltlglwx¿ x'g\ . w]/}sf cg'xf/, nufOv'jfO x]bf{ nfUb5 pgLx¿ v]tdf xnf] hf]Tbfhf]Tb}, uf]7df esf/f] ;f]xbf{;f]xb}{ r'gfpdf xf]ldP/ cfPsf x'g\ . ls;fg h:t} 5g\, ls;fg} x'g . To;}n] clxn]sf] of] gofF k|ltlglwaf6 g]kfnL ls;fgn], s[lif If]qn] w]/}w]/} ck]Iff /fv]sf] 5 .
· ljutdf b]vfOPsf] xfd|f] ;+:sf/ 5, l;of] ag]/ l5g]{ kmfnL ag]/ lg:sg] < rKkn nufP/, ud5f 3fF6Ldf a]/]/, ;fk6L lnPsf] v'lDrPsf] bf}/f;'?jfn nufP/ ;bg l5g]{ clg kh]/f]df ;'6]8a'6]8 / sl:;Psf] bf}/f;'?jfndf aflxl/g] . of] Oltxf;sf] k'g/fj[lt gxf];\ . gq km]/L ls;fg hfU5 Û
· ls;fgx¿df k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f, s[ifsx¿sf] xslxt ;/+If0f tyf s[lif / jg ;DaGwL ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f ug]{ p2]Zon] of] s[lif klqsfsf] yfngL ePsf] xf] . uPsf] P]ltxfl;s ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rgdf d'Vod'Vo /fhgLlts bnx¿sf 3f]if0ffkqdf s[lif / ls;fgnfO{ x]g]{ b[li6sf]0f s] 5< s[lif / ls;fg;DaGwL s] s:tf d'2fx¿ p7fOPsf 5g\ Tof] xfd|f] rf;f]sf] ljifo /x]sf]n] s[lif klqsfsf] cf7f}+ cÍ ;+ljwfg ;efsf nflu ljleGg /fhgLlts bnx¿n] cfcfˆgf] 3f]if0ffkqdf p7fOPsf s[lif / ls;fg;DaGwL d'2fx¿df ;dlk{t cÍ lyof] .
· ca xfdL rfxG5f}, 3f]if0ffkqsf afrf sfo{fGjog xf]pg . xfd|f] ;/f]sf/, ls;fgx¿sf] ;/f]sf/, 7"nf hdftn] ef]u]sf ;;fgf ;d:ofx¿sf] /f; xf] . s[lif / ls;fg ef]u]sf ;d:ofx¿ . clxn] 5/]/ pAhfPsf] ds} ebf}df leqfPkl5 csf]{ afnL gkfs'gh]n s] vfg] < clg d+l;/df sf6]sf] wfg kmfu'gdf /LlQP kl5 csf]{ afnL gkfs'gh]n s;/L u'hf/f ug]{ < jg, jftfj/0fsf] ;+/If0f ub}{ kz'kfng / h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f s;/L ug]{ < xfd|f] clxn]sf] rf;f] xf] .
· w]/}n] ls;fgx¿nfO{ tLg dlxgf, 5 dlxgf / jif}{e/L vfg k'Ug] elg juL{s[t u/]sf 5g\ . 5g\ æx'g]vfg]Æ / æeP vfg] geP ef]s} a:g]Æ . clg csf]{ ju{ 5 lbglbg} sdfpg] / 5fs 6fg]{, sdfO{ gePsf] lbg k6'sf s;]/ a:g] ju{df klg y'k|} 5g\ g]kfndf . w]/} 7"nf] hdft 5, s[lif / ls;fgLaf6 knfog ePsfx¿sf] . To;}n] clxn]sf] ;/sf/sf] bfloTj ls;fgsf] ljzfn hdftsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ tkm{ nlIft x''g' kb{5 .
· ljZjdf 36b} uPsf] vfBfGg pTkfbg, r'ln+b} uPsf]] efp, 36b} uPsf] kfgLsf] cfk'lt{ / a]/f]huf/L s;/L ;dfwfg ug]{ < xfd|f] rf;f]sf] ljifo xf] .
· To;}n], g]kfnnfO{ rflxPsf] 5 ;a}eGbf klxn] dfd / sfd . g]kfnL ls;fgsf] ;d:of cflbd ;d:of xf] . clg dfq ls;fg hfu]sf x'g\, t/fO{ hfu]sf] xf], kxf8 hfu]sf] xf] . ca of] hfu]sf] ls;fgnfO{ km]/L ;'Tg lbg' x'Gg . gq b]z km]/L lgbfpF5g\ ====
· af9Ldf ;a} 3/,v]t, cGg, nQfsk8f u'dfPsf kl/jf/nfO{ xfdL s;/L cfkTsfnLg ;xof]u h'6fpF5}f < casf] cfjZostf cTofjZos ;d:ofsf] t'?Gt ;dfwfg xf] . clg k|fyldstf qmddf 5f]6]f cjlw, dWod / bL3{sfnLg cflwsf sfo{qmdx¿ kb{5g\ . ca w}o{ 5}g c? ;xg], kv{g] < sd;] sd l5d]sL d'n's ;/x t k'Ug] k|of; u/f}+ <
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s[lif l;FrfOsf] jt{dfg cj:yf, cfjZostf / dxTj
v]tLsf nflu kfgL ckl/xfo{ j:t' xf] . s[lifsf] pRr pTkfbgsf nflu l;FrfO clt cfjZos x'G5 . pGgt v]tLsf nflu a9L pTkfbg lbg] aLp, dn tyf pGgt k|ljlwsf] pknAw ePtfklg l;FrfOsf] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsPg eg]+ pGgt s[lif k|ljlwaf6 cfzfltt ¿kdf pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj a9fpg ;lsGg . cGt/fli6«o cg'ejn] s] b]vfPsf] 5 eg]+ l;FrLt If]q cl;FrLtsf] bfFhf]df tLgu'gf a9L pTkfgzLn x'G5 . To:t} k/k/fut s[lif k|0ffnL ckgfP/ l;FrfOsf] ;'ljwf pknAw u/fPdf dfq klg #) k|ltzt a9L pTkfbg lng ;lsG5 .
g]kfnsf] s[lif k|0ffnL ljz]iftM vfBfGg pTkfbg df};ddf lge{/ ub{5 / sl/a b'O{ ltxfO{ eGbf a9L hldgdf cfsfz] kfgLsf] e/df v]tL ul/G5 . g]kfnsf] hnjfo" cg';f/ sl/a *) k|ltzt jiff{ u[id Ct'df -h]i7 b]lv ebf} ;Dd_ x'g] u/]sf] 5 . slxn] cltj[li6 jf cgfj[li6 x'g] ePsf] tyf lxpFb] afnLsf nflu kof{Kt jif{fsf] cefjdf afnLla?jfx¿sf] pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj k|efljt x'g] ub{5 . g]kfndf jiff{ Ct'df v]tLul/g] d'Vo afnLx¿df wfg, ds}, h'6 x'g eg]+ ;'Svf df};ddf ul/g] d'VoafnLx¿df ux'F, tf]/L, cfn', bnxg, t/sf/L tyf cGo afnLx¿ x'g\ .
g]kfndf ^ xhf/ eGbf a9L gbLgfnfx¿ 5g\ . oL gbLx¿ dWo] Ps xhf/ eGbf a9L 7"nf gbLx¿ 5g\ . oL gbLgfnfsf] s"n nDafO{ $%,))) lsnf] dL6/ eGbf a9L 5 . g]kfnsf gbLx¿af6 jif]{gL !&) ca{ So"ljs dL6/ eGbf a9L hn k|jflxt x'G5 . g]kfnsf ;a} gbLx¿ ef/tlt/ aUg] ub{5g\ . ef/tsf]] uËf gbLdf ;'vf df}zddf sl/a &% k|ltzt kfgLsf] cfk"lt{ g]kfnaf6} lg:s]sf gbLx¿af6 x'g] ub{5 . oqf] hn;Dkbfsf] wgL b]z g]kfndf l;FrfO klg 5}g, ljB't klg 5}g . of] au]/ v]/ hfg] ;'gnfO{ l;FrfO / ljB'tdf kl/0ft ug{ g;Sg' g]kfnsf] b'ef{Uo xf] .
g]kfnsf w]/}h;f] v]taf/Lx¿ ;'Sv} /xG5g\ . v]tL x'g] k|foM ;a} hUufx¿df ljz]iftM t/fO{ tyf leqL dw]zdf l;FrfO ;'ljwf k'¥ofpg ;lsG5 . To:t}, kxf8sf w]/} h;f] e"efudf l;FrfOsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg ;lsg] k|z:t ;Defjgf eP klg clt cfjZostf ePsf] 7fpFdf klg l;FrfOsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg ;lsPsf] 5}g . ;d'bfosf] cfGtl/s tyf afXo ;|f]taf6 ;fgf, dWod tyf 7"nf l;FrfO cfof]hgfx¿ b]zdf 5l/P/ /x]sf gbLgfnfsf] kfgL tyf e"ldut hne08f/sf] pkof]u u/L lgdf{0f ul/Psf 5g\ . t/ s"n v]tL ul/g] sl/a #)(!,))) nfv x]S6/ hUufsf] sl/a !)%(,*^% nfv x]S6/ -sl/a #$ k|ltzt_ df dfq l;FrfO ;'ljwf pknAw 5 . g]kfndf t/fO{ If]qdf 7"nf of]hgfx¿ pko'Qm x'G5g\ eg]+ kxf8L e"efudf ;fgf l;FrfOx¿ dfq pko'Qm x'G5g\ .
l;FrfOsf] dxTj a'em]/ g]kfnL s[ifsx¿n] k/fk"j{sfnb]lv cfˆg} df}lns k|ljlwsf] ljsf; u/]/ ;fgf7"nf l;FrfO of]hgfx¿ ;~rfng u/]sf 5g\ . la=;= !(*#÷*$df ;Kt/L lhNnfdf rGb| gx/sf] lgdf{0f ePaf6 l;FrfO ljsf;sf] ;'?cft ePsf] xf] . s[lif ljefu cGtu{t @)@( ;fndf kmfd{ l;FrfO tyf hn pkof]u zfvf :yfkgf ul/of] / cf=j= @)@(÷@)#) ;fndf gf/fo0fL c~rn l;FrfO ljsf; cfof]hgf nfu" ul/of] . To;} ;fn @)#) df æs[lif tyf vfB dGqfnoÆsf] gfd kl/jt{g u/L ævfB, s[lif tyf l;FrfO dGqfnoÆ /flvof] . cfj @)%$÷%% df ljZj a}+ssf] ;xof]udf g]kfnsf] #! lhNnfx¿df æg]kfn Ol/u]zg ;]S6/ cfof]hgfÆ / @)%&÷%* df yk #% lhNnfdf æbf];|f] l;FrfO ;]S6/ cfof]hgfÆ nfu' ePsf] xf] .
s[ifss} ;lqmotfdf ;fgf7"nf l;FrfO cfof]hgfx¿ klg ;~rflnt 5g\ . pbfx/0fsf nflu /fKtL gbLsf] b]pv'/L l;FrfO, alb{of s}nfnL lhNnfdf s0f{fnL gbLsf] l;FrfO of]hgf, ?kGb]xL lhNnfsf] ;f]nx 5lQ; dh'jf s'nf], afudtL l;FrfO, l;S6f l;FrfO, aaO l;FrfO cflb o:tf] l;FrfO of]hgfaf6 %,))) x]S6/ b]lv !%,))) x]S6/ hUufdf l;FrfO pknAw u/fPsf] 5 . t/ klg l;FrfO cfof]hgfsf] sfof{Gjogsf nflu cfjZos hgzlQm tyf lgdf{0f ;fdfu|Lsf] cefj, ef}ule{s ljifdtf, Joj:yfkg kIfsf] Jofks sdhf]/L cflb sf/0fn] l;FrfOsf] plrt Joj:yf x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . g]kfndf ljBdfg w]/}h;f] l;FrfOsf nflu agfOPsf gx/ jf s'nf], s'n]zfx¿ df};dL jif{fdf lge{/ /xg], lxpFbdf kfgL 36]sf] a]nf l;FrfOsf nflu kfgL pknAw gx'g], af9L, klx/f] tyf 7"nf] e]n cfPsf] a]nf jif}{lkR5] elTsg] cflb ofjt ;d:ofx¿ 5g\ .
w]/}h;f] ;~rfngdf /x]sf l;FrfO cfof]hgfx¿sf] dd{t–;Def/ tyf lkmtnf] Joj:yfkgsf] sf/0f ;d"lrt nfe lng ;lsPsf] 5}g . hn pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] u7g, Ifdtf clej[l4 tyf ;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0f, ;fem]bf/L tyf ;dfj]zL cjwf/0ff cjnDag u/L l;FrfO If]qdf Jofks ;'wf/ Nofpg ;lsG5 .
g]kfndf ;tx l;+rfO{ tyf e"ldut hn l;+rfO{ tyf k/Dk/fut s'nfx¿af6 x'g] l;+rfO{sf tl/sfx¿ pknAw 5g\ . tyf s[lif If]qsf ljsf;sfnflu gofF gofF l;FrfOsf k|ljlwx¿sf] ljsf; tyf k|of]u eO/x]sf 5g\ h:t} ;]tL gbLdf k|of]udf cfPsf] lnˆ6 Ol/u]zg, yf]kf l;FrfO, kmf]x/f l;+rfO{ tyf :ofnf] 6\o'aj]n, cfsfzsf] kfgL ;Íng, v]/ uPsf] efG;fsf] kfgLsf] k'gM k|of]u cflb h;af6 ;LdfGt s[ifsx¿sf] klg l;FrfOdf kx'Fr ;Dej ePsf] 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/n] bL3{sfnLg ;f]+r cg';f/ :jLs[t u/L nfu' u/L ;s]sf] hn;|f]t /0fgLlt tyf /fli6«o hn of]hgfsf] cjwf/0ff cg';f/ ;g\ @)@& ;Dddf b]zsf] l;FrfO of]Uo hldgdWo] (& k|ltzt hldgdf l;FrfO ;'ljwf k'Ug] u/L l;FrfO ;+/rgfsf] ljsf; ug]{ / ;f]dWo] ^& k|ltztdf afx|} dlxgf l;FrfO ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg] u/L] l;FrfO k|0ffnLx¿sf] ljsf; ug]{ d'Vo nIo /x]sf] 5 .
g]kfnsf] 7"nf] hgzlQm s[lifdf cfl>t /x]sf] / cy{tGqsf] cfwf/g} s[lif ePsf]n] s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf; geO{ g]kfnsf] ljsf; ;Dej 5}g . s[lifsf] cfw'lgsLs/0f ug{ / pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj a9fpg Jojl:yt l;FrfOsf] ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg' clt cfjZos /x]sf] 5 .
g]kfndf ;tx l;+rfO{ tyf e"ldut hn l;+rfO{ tyf k/Dk/fut s'nfx¿af6 x'g] l;+rfO{sf tl/sfx¿ pknAw 5g\ . tyf s[lif If]qsf ljsf;sfnflu gofF gofF l;FrfOsf k|ljlwx¿sf] ljsf; tyf k|of]u eO/x]sf 5g\ h:t} ;]tL gbLdf k|of]udf cfPsf] lnˆ6 Ol/u]zg, yf]kf l;FrfO, kmf]x/f l;+rfO{ tyf :ofnf] 6\o'aj]n, cfsfzsf] kfgL ;Íng, v]/ uPsf] efG;fsf] kfgLsf] k'gM k|of]u cflb h;af6 ;LdfGt s[ifsx¿sf] klg l;FrfOdf kx'Fr ;Dej ePsf] 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/n] bL3{sfnLg ;f]+r cg';f/ :jLs[t u/L nfu' u/L ;s]sf] hn;|f]t /0fgLlt tyf /fli6«o hn of]hgfsf] cjwf/0ff cg';f/ ;g\ @)@& ;Dddf b]zsf] l;FrfO of]Uo hldgdWo] (& k|ltzt hldgdf l;FrfO ;'ljwf k'Ug] u/L l;FrfO ;+/rgfsf] ljsf; ug]{ / ;f]dWo] ^& k|ltztdf afx|} dlxgf l;FrfO ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg] u/L] l;FrfO k|0ffnLx¿sf] ljsf; ug]{ d'Vo nIo /x]sf] 5 .
g]kfnsf] 7"nf] hgzlQm s[lifdf cfl>t /x]sf] / cy{tGqsf] cwf/g} s[lif ePsf]n] s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf; geO{ g]kfnsf] ljsf; ;Dej 5}g . s[lifsf] cfw'lgsLs/0f ug{ / pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj a9fpg Jojl:yt l;FrfOsf] ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg' clt cfjZos /x]sf] 5 .
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