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Krishi Patrika A Newsletter on Agricultural & Forestry Technologies, Farmers Right and Analytical News
jif{M ! c°M !@ s[lif klqsf -@)^% ;fn, h]7 !^–#@ ut], (29 May-14 June, 2008) d'NoM !), jflif{s ? @@%
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t/fO{sf lhNnfx¿df …8]ugfnfÚ /f]usf] vt/f
ut jif{fdf t/fO{sf w]/} lhNnfx¿df af9Lsf] k|sf]k pu| ¿kdf ePsf] / k|foM t/fO{sf wfg x'g] ;a}If]q k|efljt ePsf lyP . To:t} kfs]sf] wfg w]/} lbgsf] t/fO{ aGbsf sf/0f ;dod} leq\ofpg g;sL v]td} 9fl8Psf] cj:yfdf /fVg' k/]sf]n]] To:tf cj:yfsf] k/fndf 9';Lsf] ;+qmd0f x'g uPsf] lj1x¿n] hfgsf/L lbg' ePsf] 5 . o:tf] hLjf0f'u|:t k/fn ufO{a:t'nfO{ v'cfpFbf ljleGg /f]ux¿ ljz]iftM e}++;Ldf æ8]ugfnfÆ nfUg] Hofb} ;+efjgf /x]sf] kz'/f]u cGj]if0f k|of]uzfnfsf 8f s]bf/ sfsL{ atfpg' x'G5 . 8]ugfnf /f]u xfnsf jif{x¿df t/fO{sf af/f, k;f{, dxf]Q/L, l;/fxf, ;Kt/L, alb{of tyf kmf§km'§ g'jfsf]6 lhNnfx¿ b]vf k/]sf] tyf plrt lgbfgsf] kQf] gnfuL ;s]sf] x'Fbf kz' lrlsT;s tyf k|ljlwsx¿df cGof]nsf] cj:yfdf o; s[lif klqsfsf] !!cf}+ cÍdf 8]ugfnf /f]u;DaGwL n]v k|sflzt ePsf] lyof] . To;sf] lg/fs/0fsf nflu s]xL lhNnfx¿af6 o; /f]usf] pkrf/ ;DaGwL yk hfgsf/L /fv]sf] 8f sfsL{ atfpg' x'G5 . 8]ugfnf /f]u nfu]df e}+;Lsf] b"w pTkfbg 36\g uO{ o; /f]uaf6 @) k|ltzt;Dd kz'sf] d[To' x'g] ub{5 . To;}n] o; /f]uaf6 aRg /fd|/L ;'sfPsf] k/fndfq v'jfpg] / k/fnnfO{ ˆo'Hofl/od km+u;sf] ;+qmd0faf6 arfpg] ;Nnfx lj1x¿sf] /x]sf] 5 .
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g]kndf s'v'/f Joj;foLsf] lrGtfM
l5d]sL b]zdf km]l/ a8{ˆn'
km]l/ ef/tsf] klZrd aËfn nofot cGo If]qdf s'v'/fdf a8{ˆn' /f]u km}lnP/ s'v'/f dfg]{ cleofg ;'? ePkl5 g]kfndf klg s'v'/f Joj;foLx¿df qf; km}lnPsf] 5 . ;/sf/L :t/df of] /f]u lelqg glbgsf nflu lgoGq0fsf ljleGg pkfox¿ cjnDj ug'{sf ;fy} s'v'/fkfns s[ifs, pBdL, Joj;foL tyf ;j{;fwf/0fdf ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf hf/L ul/Psf] 5 . a8{ˆn'M– s'v'/f, xfF;, 6sL{ tyf hËnL r/fr'?ËLx¿df OGˆn'PGhf æPÆ gfds ljiff0f'åf/f nfUg] Ps 3fts /f]u xf] . of] /f]usf] k|sf]k ;g\ !((& af6 dfq hfgsf/Ldf cfPsf] 5 .
of] /f]u nfu]df ayfgsfayfg s'v'/f ;vfkm x'g ;S5g\ / of] /f]u dflg;df klg ;g]{ ;Defjgf /xG5 . o; /f]usf ljiff0f' z"Go b]lv ^) l8u|L tfkqmddf klg afFRg ;Sg] tyf hLpFbf] jf d/]sf] s'v'/faf6 klg dflg;df ;g]{ x'Fbf xfn o; /f]un] ljZjel/ qf;sf] l:ylt >[hgf u/]sf] 5 . l5d]sL nufot cGo b]zx¿df of] /f]u km}lnPsf] cfz+sfdf jif]{gL nfvf}+sf] ;ªVofdf hLljt s'v'/fx¿ dfl/G5g\ . t/ hlt of] /f]usf] qf;df s'v'/fx¿ dfl/Psf 5g\ / ahf/ efp k|efljt ePsf] 5 To;sf] bfFhf]df jf:tljs /f]uaf6 s'v'/f d/]sf jf dflg;df of] /f]u ;/]/ Iflt k'¥ofPsf] hfgsf/L 5}g . æof] Pp6f æxf}jfÆ xf] / o;af6 s]xL :jfyL{ JolQmx¿dfq nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\Æ eGg' x'G5 Ps Vofltk|fKt s'v'/f Joj;foL .
s'v'/fdf nfUg] /f]usf] Oltxf; s\]nfpFbf ut cfly{s jif{df sl/a %) xhf/ s'v'/fx¿ ljz]iftM s'v'/fsf k/hLlj h'sfx¿ -OG6];l6gn x]Nd]gyfofl;;\_, uDaf/f], /fgLv]t, 8fO/Lof, k'nf]/d, 9]pnf -kfpn kf]S;, cflb_ n] d/]sf lyP . xfn;Dd ljZjdf sl/a rf/;o hlt dflg; a8{ˆn'nfu]sf] z+sfdf d/]sf 5g\ / g]kfndf a8{ˆn' nfu]/ s'g} s'v'/f jf dflg; d/]sf] hfgsf/Ldf 5}g .
g]kfndf o; /f]usf] lgoGq0fsf nflu kz' ;]jf ljefu cGt/ut æPleog OGˆn'PGhf lgoGq0f cfof]hgfÆ :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5 . o; cfof]hgfn] a8{ˆn'sf] lgoGq0fsf nflu ;r]tgf tyf lgoGq0fsf sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . g]kfnsf] v'nf ;Ldfgf tyf ef}uf]lns cj:yfsf] sf/0f of] /f]usf] k|j]znfO{ k"0f{ lgoGq0f ug{ k|foM c;Dej g} /x]tfklg of] /f]usf] k|j]z x'g glbg tyf lgoGq0fsf nflu ;a} s'v'/f Joj;foL tyf ;j{;fwf/0f ;r]t x'g' kb{5 .k
/fli6«o s'v'/f kfns ls;fg ;+3M
;+ljwfgdf s'v'/fkfns ls;fgsf] xslxt ;+/If0fsf nflu P]Soa4tf
–sf7df8f}} ;Djfbbftf +
/fli6«o s'v'/fkfns ls;fg ;+3, s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] oxL h]7 !! ut] sf7df8f}+df Ps æa[xt\ s'v'/f pTkfbs s[ifs e]nfÆ cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . e]nfdf s'v'/fkfng Joj;fo;+u ;DalGwt sf7df8f} pkTosfleqsf sl/a $)) s'v'/fkfns s[ifsx¿sf] pkl:ylt lyof] . e]nfsf] ;efkltTj >LdtL clDasf v8\sfn] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] eg]+ e]nfdf d'lQmgfy kf}8]n, 8f= pd]; l;+x a:g]t, afnx/L /fjn, v8\u axfb'/ 8+uf]n, b]j]Gb| k|tfk ;]g, ;fg]afj' lai6, lbjfs/ kf}8]n tyf cGo jStfx¿n] cf–cfˆgf] dGtJo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . dGtJosf] qmddf g]kfndf s'v'/fkfng Joj;fodf gLlhIf]qsf] !& ca{ eGbf a9L ?k}+of nufgL ePsf] / o; If]qn] k|ToIf¿kdf ^%,))) dflg;x¿nfO{ /f]huf/L lbO/x]sf] hfgsf/L lbOPsf] lyof] .
pTkfbg nfut a9L x'g', bfgfsf nflu rflxg] ;fdu|Lx¿ aflx/af6 cfoft ug'{, d]lzg/L, cf}hf/ cflbdf eG;f/ b/ cTolws x'g', Sjf/]g6fOgsf] /fd|f] Joj:yf gx'g', /f]uJofwLsf] lgbfg tyf pkrf/sf] ;d'lrt Joj:yf gx'g' cflbsf sf/0f s'v'/fkfng Joj;fo cem km:6fpg ;s]sf] 5}g / s'v'/f Joj;foLx¿n] cfjZos k|f]T;fxg kfPsf 5}gg\, tfklg k|lts"n cj:yfdf klg s'v'/fkfng Joj;fosf] j[l4b/ s[lifIf]qsf] eGbf pRr/x]sf] s'/f atfpg' ePsf] lyof] .
csf]{ e]nf, lrtjg / kf]v/fdf ul/g] / If]qLo :t/df ;+ljwfg d;f}bf sld6L u7g u/L e]nfaf6 cfpFbf] ;+ljwfgdf s'v'/f kfng Joj;fosf xslxtsf nflu ;+ljwfgdf s:tf] Joj:yf x'g' kg]{, s'v'/f kfng Joj;fonfO{ s;/L Joj;fod'ns agfpg ;lsG5, cflb s'/fdf ;xefuL s[ifsx¿af6 ;'emfpx¿ ;+Íng ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm e]nfdf ;+3sf cWoIf >L uf]s0f{ l3ld/]n] s'v'/fkfns s[ifssf] xslxt ;DaGwdf pTs[i6 sfd u/]jfkt >L jfnx/L /fjn / >L v8u axfb'/ 8+uf]nnfO{ clegGbg ug'{sf ;fy} bf];Nnf cf]9fO ;Ddfg ;d]t ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .
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ls;fgx¿ ;'wfl/Psf] r'Nxf]tkm{ cfslif{t
– s[i0f yfkf, dsjfgk'/
;w}el/ w'jfF vfFbfvfFbf jfSs ePsf dsjfgk'/sf] pQ/L If]qdf afl;Gbfx¿ ;'wfl/Psf] r'Nxf]tkm{ cfslif{t ePsf 5g\ . ;'wfl/Psf] r'Nxf] k|of]u ubf{ bfp/f sd nfUg] / :jf:Yodf ;d]t c;/ gx'g] ePsfn] ls;fgx¿ o;tkm{ cfslif{t ePsf x'g\ .
bfp/f s6fg ubf{ k|ltjif{ hËn dfl;b} hfg] / :jf:Yodf klg k|lts"n c;/ kg]{ dsjfgk'/sf, 8fF8fvs{—( sf ;"o{ axfb'/ yfkf du/ atfpFg' x'G5 . hËn arfpg / :jf:Yo /xg ;a} ufpFn]x¿nfO{ ;'wfl/Psf] r'Nxf] k|of]u ug]{ ;Nnfx lbG5'Æ —du/n] eGg'eof] . xfn cfu|f, uf]ug], 8fF8fvs{, bfdg, kfn'Ë nufotsf ufpFx¿af6 ;'wfl/Psf] r'Nxf] agfpg dfu cfPsf] kfn'Ëdf ;'wfl/Psf] r'Nxf] k|jGws gj/fh sfsL{ atfpg' x'G5 . ufpFn]x¿nfO{ jg ;+/If0f / k|b'if0f/lxt ;dfh lgdf{0f ug{sf nflu ;'wfl/Psf] r'Nxf]n] ;3fp k'¥ofpg] b]lvG5 eg] vfgf ksfpg] OGwg tyf UofF;sf] d"No cfsfl;Psf] / cToflws nf]8;]l8ªsf] df/ v]lk/x]sf zx/af;Lx¿sf nflu klg ;'wfl/Psf] r'Nxf] pko'Qm ljsNk x'g\ ;S5 . k
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gofF g]kfnsf] lgdf{0fsf nfluM
cfly{s qmflGtdf ;xsf/L If]qsf] e"ldsf
d]6«f] ;xsf/L ;+:yf tyf ;xsf/LsdL{x¿sf] ;+of]hsTjdf ægofF g]kfnsf] lgdf{0fsf nfluM cfly{s qmflGtdf ;xsf/L If]qsf] e"ldsf tyf clegGbgÆ ;DaGwL Ps lbg] cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd xfn} ;DkGg eof] . sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f6gsf] qmddf ;xsf/L ;Kt/ËL g[To k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] . d]6«f] ;xsf/Lsf cWoIf /ljGb| s];Lsf] ;efkltTj ;DkGg ePsf] cGt/lqmof sfo{qmddf k|d'v clyltx¿df g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf zLif{:y g]tf 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{, ;xsf/Lsf 5ftf ;Ë7gsf cWoIf bLks jfF:sf]6f tyf of]hgf cfof]u tyf jfl0fHo;+u ;DalGwt lgsfosf k|d'vx¿sf] pkl:ylt lyof] . cfly{s If]qsf] ljsf;sf nflu ;xsf/Ln] v]Ng;Sg] e"ldsf af/] lzjx/L clwsf/Ln] sfo{kq k|:t't ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . cGt/lqmofsf] qmddf g]kfndf P3f/ xhf/ ljleGg lsl;dsf ;xsf/L / To;sf sl/a @) nfv ;b:ox¿ /x]sf Pjd\ sl/a %) ca{ ?k}Fof k|jfx ePsf] hfgsf/L u/fOPsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{nfO{ clegGbg klg ul/Psf] lyof] . 8f=e§/fO{n] cfˆgf] dGtJosf] qmddf ;xsf/L If]qsf] k'g;+/rgf u/]/ cfly{s qmflGt ug'{ kb{5 eGg] wf/0ff /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . k
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a8{ˆn' /f]u;DaGwL kz' ;]jf ljefusf] cToGt h?/L ;"rgf
ef/tsf] klZrd aËfn /fHosf ljleGg lhNnfx¿df ljut s]xL dlxgfb]lv a8{ˆn' km}ln/x]sf] 5 . xfn}dfq bfh{lnËsf] v;f{ª nufot ljleGg :yfgdf /f]u b]vf k/]sf] 5, h'g g]kfnsf] k"lj{ ;Ldfgf;+u} hf]l8Psf] x'gfn] g]kfndf /f]u lelqg ;Sg] hf]lvd cToGt a9]/ uPsf] 5 . a8{ ˆn' /f]u g]kfndf lelqg glbg] sfo{df s'v'/fkfng Joj;fodf ;+nUg s[ifs, pBdL, Joj;foL / ;j{;fwf/0f ;d]tn] lgDgfg';f/sf] Joj:yf s8fOsf ;fy kfngf u/L /f]u lelqg glbg] sfo{df ;lqmo ¿kdf ;+nUg x'g xflb{s cg'/f]w 5 .
· ;Ldfkf/Lsf hLljt k+IfL, kIfLhGo kbfy{ -ck|zf]lwt df;', c08f, EoflS;g, e'Tnf cflb_ / /f]u ;fg{ ;Sg] cGo k+IfL pTkfbg ;fdfu|Lx¿ lelqbf /f]u g]kfn leq cfpg] ;Sg] ePsf]n] pQm kbfy{x¿ leq\ofpg g]kfn ;/sf/n] k|ltaGw nufO;s]sf] 5 . olb s;}n] o:tf j:t'x¿ cj}w ¿kdf leq\ofPsf] kfOPdf s8f sf/jfxL x'g] sfg'gL Joj:yf 5 . o:tf] u}/sfg'gL sfo{ s;}n] u/]sf] yfxf x'g cfPdf t'?Gt glhssf] kz' Sjf/]06fOg sfof{no, kz' ;]jf s]Gb|, lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no, lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no jf glhssf] k|x/L lgsfodf va/ ul/lbgx'g .
· b]zleq pTkflbt k+IfL tyf k+IfLhGo kbfy{x¿sf] cfGtl/s cf];f/k;f/ ubf{ clgjfo{ ¿kn] cflwsfl/s :jf:Yo k|df0fkq lnP/dfq cf];f/k;f/ ug'{x'g .
· s'g} :yfgdf w]/} k+IfLx¿sf] ckem{6 jf c:jfefljs d[To' ePdf glhssf] kz' ;]jf s]Gb| jf lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{nodf t'?Gt hfgsf/L u/fOlbg'x'g .
· ;fy}, ;DalGwt :yfgLo k|zf;g, eG;f/, k|x/L, pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3, lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt, gu/kflnsf tyf ufpF ljsf; ;ldltsf kbflwsf/LHo"x¿nfO{ kz' ;]jf ljefusf] cg'dlt kq lagfs]f s'g}klg hLljt k+IfL, k+IfLhGo kbfy{ -ck|zf]lwt df;', c08f, EoflS;g, e'Tnf cflb_ / /f]u ;fg{ ;Sg] cGo k+IfL pTkfbg ;fdfu|Lx¿ lelqg glbg ljz]if lgu/fgL tyf ;xof]u ul/lbgx'g xflb{s cg'/f]w 5 .
kz' ;]jf ljefu
xl/x/ejg
kmf]g )! %%@!^!),
ˆofS;M )! %%$@(!%
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jif{M ! cÍM !@ s[lif klqsf @)^]]@)^% ;fn, h]7 !^– #@ k[i6 @ u|fdL0f ÷s[lifcy{÷hLljsf |
s[lif lrGtg ======
xfdL df]If lbg ;Ifd 5f}+, 5 dlxgfleq ef]saf6 o; b]znfO{
· clxn] htftt} vfBfGg ;+s6sf] ;dfrf/n] Jofkstf kfPsf] 5 . ljZjJofkL ¿kdf vfBfGg ;+s6 b]vf k/]sf] 5 . vfBfGgsf] efp cfsflzPsf] / vfBfGgsf] ;l~rtLsf nflu w]/} b]zx¿n] vfBfGg lgsfl;df lgoGq0f u/]sf 5g\ . clwsf+z ljsf;f]Gd'v b]zx¿df vfBfGgsf sf/0f z+3if{ rls{g] l:ylt b]vfk/]sf] 5 . g]kfndf klxn]b]lvg} vfBfGgsf] cefj/x]sf If]qx¿n] yk cefjsf] ;fdgf ul//x]sf 5g\ .
· csf]{tkm{ ;a}eGbf bl/b|df bl/Psf b]zx¿ ljZjdf ;a}eGbf pRr cfly{s j[l4b/ ePsf b]zx¿df kg{] xf]8afhLdf nfu]sf 5g\ . clg ljZjsf] ;a}eGbf ;'Gb/, zfGt / :ju{;/L b]z gs{sf] ;hLj pbfx/0f aGb}5, agfO{Fb} 5 .
· sf] xf] bf]ifL < s;sf] xf] bf]if < tkfO{F, xfdL g]kfnL jf cGo sf]xL < sd{df eGbf efUodf, cfkm"df eGbf g]tfdf e/ kg]{ g]kfnL .
· pQ/ / blIf0f lt/af6 km}nfOPsf ef]sf xftx¿nfO{ of] b]zn] vfBfGg k'¥ofpFYof] cl:t;Dd . t/ cr]n eLvsf] emf]nf yfk]/ a;]sf] 5, ;Dkbf / ;|f]tsf] wgL b]z . sl/a b'O{ bzsb]lv g]kfndf vfBfGgsf] ;+s6 cfPsf] xf] . of] ;+s6 ;dfwfg x'g'sf] ;f6f] emgemg a9b} 5, aNemfOFb} 5 . ;dfwfg sf]xL rfxGg . Pp6f k'/fgf] 3fpnfO{ lgsf] x'g glbO{ eLv dfu]/ ljnf;L hLjg latfpg kNs]sf] nf5L h:tf] agfOPsf] 5 of] b]zsf] xfnt, g]kfnLsf] lgolt .
· l5M nfh nfU5 ha Pp6f l5d]sLn] æcf], sfG5f, axfb'/Æ eG5 clg csf]{ l5d]sLn] æg]kfnLnfO{ cN5LÆ 7fGb5 . cln k/sf] l5d]sLn] eG5 æltd|f] sf7df8f}+df 5 ;:tf]df d:tL Æ, clg cln k/sf] l5d]sLn] eG5 æljZjdf ;a}eGbf lk|m b]z xf] g]kfn k};f vr]{/ h]klg ug{ kfOG5, of] …o'6f]lkofÚ xf] o;nfO{ o:t} cj:yfdf /fVg' kb{5Æ . of] cfh;Ddsf] lgolt xf] g]kfnsf] . of] k|f/Aw xf] s[lif / ls;fgsf] .
· xfdLn] w]/}w]/} æxf]nfsL sf] a'nfsL nufof}+Æ t/ emgemg kftfn nfu]kl5 ls;fg / s[lifsf] sfofsNk ug{, ¿kfGt/0f ug{, s[lifnfO{ kl/is[t / ls;fgnfO{ dof{lbt ug{ of] s[lif klqsfsf] yfngL ul/Psf] xf] . ;a} s[ifssf] ;xof]u rflxPsf] 5 xfdLnfO{ . xfdL af6f] b]vfpF5f}+, Tof] slt;Dd nfu' ug{ ;lsG5, ;xL / unt 5'6\ØfP/ lgof}{n ug'{xf];\ . Jojxf/df ptfgf]{;\ . xfdL k|ljlw lbG5f}+ Tof] ;xL 5 eg]+ cjnDag u/]/ nfe lng' xf];\ . xfdL /fd|f /fd|f sfdsf pbfx/0f vf]hLvf]hL k:sG5f}+ dgk/] cFufNgf];\ .
· cl3Nnf] cÍdf ha xfdLn] s[lif qmflGt÷cfly{s qmflGt s;/L ;Dej x'G5 g]kfndf< elg ;DkfbsLo÷s[lif lrGtgdf xfdLn] g]kfn Ps ji{fdf vfBfGg lgof{ts b]z aGg ;S5 elg pNn]v u/]sf lyof}+ . w]/} ;fyL, lxt}ifLx¿n] of] ;Dej 5}g, g;lsg] r'gf}lt 7fGg' ePsf] 5 . xfdL Ps jif{ xf]Og, s]jn ^ dlxgfsf] df]xnt dfu\b5f}+ .
· clxn] of] b]zsf] sfofsNk ug{, ls;fg / s[lifsf] ¿kfGt/0f ug{ xfdLnfO{ s]jn kfFr xhf/ sd{7 s[lif of]4f lbgf];\ s]jn 5 dlxgfsf nflu . cfjZos /sd / s[lif ;fdfu|L lbgf];\ kl5 lkmtf{ ug]{ zt{df . s]jn Ps ufpF Ps s[lif k|fljlws ls;fgk|lt, s[lifk|lt ;dlk{t s[lifsQf{, s[lif of]4f . clg xfdLnfO{ rflxG5 s]jn 5 dlxgfsf] df]xnt . a9Ldf b'O{ afnL nufpg ;lsg] df]xnt . xfdL yk gofF b/jGbLsf] dfu ub}{gf}, cjZostf 5}g xfdLnfO{ hflu/] cvf8f v8f ub{{gf} . clxn] sl/a #% xhf/ u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿ btf{df 5g\, ufpFsfnflu sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/]/ zx/df s]lGb|t ePsf ;'ljwfef]uL ;+:yfx¿ . log} ;++:yfx¿af6 5fg]/ s]jn kfFr xhf/ sd{7 sfo{stf{ lbg'xf];\ . clg s'g} klg Ps Ct'sf] Ps dlxgf clw / Ps dlxgf kl5sf] cjlw lbgf];\ . xfdL of] b]zdf s[lifsf] sfofsNk, xfdL of] b]zaf6 ef]vd/Lsf] cGt, of] b]zdf cGg / b'wsf] vf]nf aufpg, s[lif / ls;fgsf] ¿kfGt/0f u/]/ b]vfpg ;dy{ 5f}+ . k
g]kfndf h8La'6Lsf] cfly{s dxTj
g]kfndf h8La'6Lsf] k|of]u /fdfo0fsf] kfnfdf kf}/fl0fs sfnb]lv g} x'Fb} cfPsf] kfOG5 . tyf ljleGg Clifd'gLx¿n] h8La'6Lsf] k|of]u ub}{ wfld{s u|Gydf pNn]v u/]sf] kfOG5 . ;/sf/L :t/df sl/a #)) jif{ cl3 ho k|tfk dNnsf] kfnfdf xg'dfg9f]sfdf Ps j}Bvfgfsf] :yfkgf u/]sf lyP . kl5 o; j}BvfgfnfO{ h'4 zdz]/sf] kfnfdf l;+xb/jf/df ;fl/of] h"g xfn;Dd oyfjt g} 5 . h8La'6Lsf] pkof]lutf af/] jL/zdz]/n] ;g] !(*% ln/ æjL/ lg306'Æ k':ts tof/ ug{ nufPsf lyP . kl5 rGb| zdz]/n] ærGb| lg306'Æ tof/ u/fPsf lyP . kl5 h8La'6Lsf] k|of]u u/]/ cfo'j]{lbs cf}ifwLx¿sf] lgdf{0fsfnflu >L s[i0f cf}ifwfno tyf lko"ifjifL{o cf}ifwfno cflb :yfkgf eP . xfn cfP/ uf]vf{ cfo'j]{lbs cf}ifwfno tyf 8fa/ g]kfn ;~rfngdf cfPsf 5g\ / :jb]zL h8La'6Lx¿nfO{ k|zf]wg u/]/ ax'd"No cf}ifwLx¿ pTkfbg ul//x]sf 5g\ .
g]kfn ;fgf] b]z !$&,!*! ju{lsnf]ld6/ If]q ePtfklg ;d'Gb| ;tx sl/a ^) ld6/b]lv ;+;f/sf] ;jf]{Rr lzv/ ;u/dfyf *,*$* ld6/;Dd lkmFlhPsf] 5 . oqf] ;fgf] 7fpFsf] t/fO{df pi0f jg:klt, dWo kxf8df ;df]i0f tyf lxdfnL If]qdf lztf]i0f jg:klt tyf jnjfo' kfOG5 . o:tf] ef}uf]lns ljljwtfn] ubf{ g]kfndf !),!^& k|sf/sf la?jfx¿ kfOG5g\ . ul/aLsf] dfkg ubf{ ;a}eGbf k'5f/df ePtfklg h}ljs ljljwtfdf @%cf}+ :yfgdf g]kfnsf] l:ylt 5 .
g]kfndf sl/a & xhf/ k|sf/sf la?jfx¿ kfOG5g\ h;dWo] &%) eGbf a9L k|sf/sf la?jfx¿nfO{ h8La'6Lsf] ¿kdf klxrfg ul/Psf] 5 . slt h8La'6Lsf] cWoog x'g cem afFls g} 5g\ eg]+ sltko klxrfg eO;s]sf h8La'6Lx¿ cfly{s nfesf sf/0f a9L ;Íng ul/gfn] nf]k x'g] cj:yfdf 5g\ .
g]kfnaf6 jif]{gL sl/a !) b]lv !% xhf/ d]l6«s 6g h8La'6Lx¿ ljb]z -ef/t, >Ln+sf, kfls:tfg, rLg, hd{gL cflb_ b]zx¿ lgof{t ul/G5 . h;sf] d"No sl/a Ps s/f]8 cdl/sL 8n/ x'G5 . g]kfndf sl/a *) k|ltzt hgtf cem klg :yfgLo pkrf/ k4ltdf lge{/ ub{5g\ . cfw'lgs cf}ifwL agfpgdf klg sl/a *) k|ltzt efu h8La'6Ln] cf]u6]sf] x'G5 . To:t} ;f}Gbo{j:t' tyf ;'ulGwt t]n pTkfbg ug{df klg h8La'6Lsf] Jofks k|of]u x'g] ub{5 .
k|foM h8La'6Lx¿ ck|zf]lwt sRrf kbfy{sf] ¿kdf lgsf;L ul/g] ePsf]n] /fi6«n] 7"nf] gf]S;fgL Joxf]g'{ kl//x]sf] 5 / :jb]zd} h8La'6Ldf cfwfl/t pBf]u :yfkgf ug{ ;lsPdf u|fdL0f /f]huf/L tyf ul/aL lgjf/0fdf 7"nf] 6]jf k'Ug ;S5 . k|foM h8La'6Lsf la?jf ;;fgf tyf kf]Yo|fgsf] ¿kdf x'g] / oL la?jfx¿ e";+/If0fsf nflu lgs} pkof]uL x'G5g\ .
h8La'8Lx¿sf] k|fs[lts ¿kdf k'g?Tyfg tyf k'g?Tkfbg x'g] hfgsf/L ;Íngstf{x¿df gePsf] x'Fbf w]/]h;] ax'd"No h8La'6Lx¿ nf]k x'g] cj:yfdf /x]sf 5g\ . o;}n] xfd|f] b]zdf ljBdfg ckf/ h8La'6Lsf] ;|f]tnfO{ ;+/If0f ug'{ tyf ltgLx¿sf] v]tL k|ljlwsf] ljsf; u/]/ lj:tf/ ug'{ clt cfjZos /x]sf] 5 .
g]kfndf kfOg] ax'd"No h8La'6Lx¿sf] ;/+If0f u/L v]tL k|ljlwsf] ljsf; u/]/ hËnL cj:yfsf h8La'6Lx¿nfO{ 3/]n's/0f ug{ ;s]df cfly{s ¿kdf b]zsf] sfofkn6 ug{ ;lsG5 . g]kfndf s[lif pTkfbgsf nflu cg'kof]uL /x]sf] lghL hUuf, ;fd'bflos jg, sa'lnotL jg If]qdf h8La'6Lsf] v]tL u/]/ cg'ko'Qm tyf cg'Tkfbs /x]sf l;dfGt hUufx¿df ;dfhsf e"ldlxg, ul/a, lk5l8Psf ;d'bfonfO{ kl/rfng u/]/ h8La'6L v]tL ug{ ;s]df cfocfh{g tyf /f]huf/Lsf] ;'lglZrttf x'g uO{ cfly{s :t/ j[l4sf ;fy} jftfj/0f ;+/If0f tyf h}ljs ljljwtfsf] k/:yfgLo -Ex-situ_ ;/+If0f ug{df d2t ldNb5 . k
s[ifs ynf]M======
-o; ynf]df cfˆgf s[lifhGo ;d:of n]lv k7fpg'xf];\, xfdL lj1sf] ;xof]udf lgbfg pknAw u/fpF5f}+ –s[lif klqsf_
? >L ef]nf l3ld/], dfgLv]n @, af]Nb], nlntk'/M æd Ps;+u sl/a o; /f]kgL hUuf 5 d t]hkftsf] v]tL ug{ rfxfG5' tyf d]/f d;nfsf] Jofkf/ klg 5 xfn sRrf kbfy{ l5d]sL d'n'saf6 NofpF5' oxLaf6 pTkfbg tyf ;Íng ug{ kfP x'GYof] hfgsf/L kfpFÆ <
s[lif klqsfM l3ld/]hL, cfkm}+ t]hkftsf] v]tL ug]{ / :jb]zL pTkfbgnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ tkfO{Fsf] p2]Zo lgs} ;X\fgLo 5 . o;sf] k|of]u d;nf tyf ;'uGwLsf] ¿kdf x'g] ub{5 . t]hkft Ps ?v k|hftLsf] dWo kxf8L If]qdf kfOg] ax'kof]uL la?jf xf] . of] k|s[lts ¿kdf kfOg'sf ;fy} xfn o;sf] v]tL klg ug{ ;lsG5 . o;sf] j}1flgs gfd Cinnamomum tamala xf] . o; la?jfsf] kftnfO{ t]hkft tyf af]qmfnfO{ bfnlrgL elgG5 . o;sf] kft tyf af]qmfdf Ps ;'ulGwt /;fog kfOG5 h;nfO{ Oo'h]gf]n tyf l;gfdnl8xfO8 elgG5 . t]hkft Ps ;bfjxf/ la?jf ePsfn] afX|} dlxgf o;sf] kft ;Íng ug{ ;lsG5 . t]hkftsf] d'Vo ahf/df kfNkf, a'6jn, w/fg, g]kfnuGh x'g\ . k|fs[lts cj:yfsf pld|Psf hËn tyf v]tL u/L /f]lkPsf af]6af6 t]hkft ;Íng ul/G5 . lxpFbdf ;Íng ul/Psf] kft pRr:t/sf x'G5g\ tyf af]qmf jif{f ;'? x'g' clw jf jif{f ;lsPkl5 hlpFbf] af]6af6 af]qmf sf9]/ bfnlrgL lgsflnG5 . k|foM %–^ jif{ pd]/sf] af]6sf] xfFufaf6 t]hkft tyf af]qmf 5f]8fP/ bfnlrgL lgsflnG5 . kfNkf If]qdf k|foM w]/} ls;fgx¿n] t]hkftsf] v]tL ul//x]sf5g\ . oxL sf7df8f}+df klg t]hkftsf] ¿v zf}vsf] ¿kdf nufOPsf 5g\ . blIf0fL df]x8f k/]sf] kxfl/nf] 3fd nfUg], kfgLsf] lgsf; /fd|f] ePsf] dlnnf] hUuf t]hkftsf nflu pko'Qm x'G5g\ . sf7df8f}+ pkTosfdf Jofj;flos ¿kdf t]hkftsf] v]tL ul/Psf] hfgsf/L xfdLnfO{ 5}g\ . 7"nf] kl/df0fdf olb tkfO{ t]hkftsf] v]tL ug{ rfxfg' x'G5 eg]+ la?jf /f]Kg] pko'Qm df};d oxL h]7 dlxgf xf] . lghL:t/df w]/} g;{/Lx¿n] o;sf] la?jf laqmL ub{5g\ . xfn g]kfndf klg ljleGg hftsf d;nfafnLsf] v]tL ul/G5 . olb tkfO{nfO{ 7"nf] kl/df0fdf t]hkftsf] la?jf rflxPsf] xf] eg]+ s[kof jg sfof{no, kfNkf, d;nf ljsf; s]Gb|, sfe|]df ;Dks{ /fVg ;Sg' x'G5 . tkfO{FnfO{ rflxg] d;nfsf k|sf/ / cfjZos kl/0ffd lgoldt ¿kdf vl/b ug{ rfxfg' x'G5 eg]+ w/]} ls;fgx¿ rflxPsf] kl/0ffd pTkfbg ug{ ;lsG5 . k
jif{M ! c°M !@ s[lif klqsf @)^% ;fn, h]7 !^– #@ k[i6 # pGgt v]tL k|ljlw
v]tL k|ljlwM
g]kfndf h'6 v]tL
g]kfndf b'O{ k|sf/sf h'6 pTkfbg ul/G5 ;fbf h'6 -Corchorus capsularis_ / tf];f h'6 -Corchorus olitorius_ . s[lif cg';Gwfg kl/ifb\n] h'6sf b'O{ hft l;kmfl/; u/]sf 5g\ s_ O6x/L !, / O6x/L @ . logLx¿sf] pTkfbsTj sl/a #=$ 6g k|lt x]S6/ tyf !!* lbgdf sf6\g] nfos x'G5g\ . O6x/L ! -cfO=h]=cf]÷ on= cfO= o;=P_, of] ;fbf hftsf] h'6 xf] . o;sf] ljsf; a|flhndf ePsf] xf] . o; hftsf] h'6sf] pTkfbsTj #=$ 6g k|lt x]S6/ / !!* lbgdf sf6\g] nfos x'G5 . of] h'6n] kfgL ;xg;Sg] tyf h'6 kl5 wfg, ux'F nufpg ;lsg] ePsf]n] wfg v]tdf nufpg pko'Qm x'G5 .
O6x/L @ -cfO=h]=cf]÷ tL *^_, tf];f h'6 xf] . o;sf] ljsf; tfOjfgdf ePsf] xf] . of] h'6 cfsfz] ul/g] If]qdf / ;'vf ;xg ;Sg] hftsf] h'6 xf] . o; hftsf] h'6sf] pTkfbsTj #=# 6g k|lt x]S6/ / !!^ lbgdf sf6\g] nfos x'G5 . of] h'6n] kfgL ;xg;Sg] tyf h'6 kl5 wfg, ux'F nufpg ;lsg] ePsf]n] wfg v]tdf nufpg pko'Qm x'G5 . cGo hftx¿df s]g, l8o;, h]cf/ cf], cflb k/LIf0fsf] qmddf /x]sf 5g\ / k|lt x]S6/ ^ 6g;Dd pTkfbg lbg ;Sb5g\ .
h'6sf] Joj:yfkgM h'6sf] v]tL r}qsf] cGt jf j}zfvsf] ;'?df jif{f x'gf;fy hUuf /fd|/L vghf]t u/L aLp 5g'{ kb{5 . aLp k|lt sÝf cfwf ;]/ -#%) u|fd_ jf lsnf] -k|lt x]S6/ !) lsnf]_ aLp 5g'{ kb{5 . h'6 v]tLsf nflu hUuf tof/ ug]{ a]nfdf k|z:tdfqfdf sDkf]i6 dn tyf gfO6«f]hg, km:kmf]/; tyf kf]6f;df dfqf $)M@)M$) lsnf] k|lt x]S6/sf] b/n] k|of]u ug'{ kb{5 . h'6df ljz]iftM emf/kftn] a9L gf]S;fgL k'¥ofpg] ePsf]n] emf/kftsf] lgoGq0f ug'{ kb{5 . h'6df km]b s'lxg] h'6df km"n km'Ng nfu]kl5 afnL sf6\g] nfos x'G5 . h'6 afnL sf6]kl5 tLgrf/ lbg rfËnufP/ v]td} /fvL kft emfl/G5 / aG8n agfP/ kfgLdf s'xg lbg' kb{5 . kfgLsf] tfkqmd cg';f/ b'O{ b]lv rf/ xKtfdf afqmf s'lxG5 / / s'lxPsf] h'6nfO{ d'Fu|fn] lkl6 /]zf lgsflnG5 . To;nfO{ 3fddf ;'sfP/ aG8n agfO laqmL ul/G5 .
aLp pTkfbgsf nflu h'6 5/]sf] dlxgf lbP kl5 d'n xfFuf r'8flbPdf la?jf cUnf] x'g kfpGg / ;xfos xfFufx¿ lg:sG5g\ / a9L aLp pTkfbg x'G5 . pGgt tl/sfn] h'6sf] v]tL ubf{ k|lt x]S6/ # 6g ;Dd /]zf / To:t} ¿kdf # 6g;Dd aLp lng ;lsG5
g]kfn s[lif cg';Gwfg kl/ifbaf6 pGdf]rg ul/Psf pGgt wfgsf hftx¿M
!_ ;'gf}nf] ;'uGwf of] xfn} pGdf]rg ul/Psf] jf:gfbfg dL7f] :jfbePsf] wfgsf] hft xf] . t/fO{ tyf dWokxf8sf l;+lrt If]qsf nflu pko'Qm dflgG5 / pTkfbg Ifdtf ^ 6g k|lt x]S6/ /x]sf] 5 .
v'dn * -pGdf]rg ul/Psf] jif{ ;g\ @))&, pTkfbg Ifdtf (=* 6g k|lt x]S6/, afnL kfSg] cjwL !%* lbg, pko'Qm If]qx¿M 6f/, dWo kxf8 ;Dd_
@_ nf]stGq -pGdf]rg ul/Psf] jif{ ;g\ @))^, pTkfbg Ifdtf #=^ 6g k|lt x]S6/, afnL kfSg] cjwL !#) lbg, pko'Qm If]qx¿M t/fO{ b]lv dWo kxf8;Dd_
#_ ldyLnf -pGdf]rg ul/Psf] jif{ ;g\ @))^, pTkfbg Ifdtf %=) 6g k|lt x]S6/, afnL kfSg] cjwL !$% lbg, pko'Qm If]qx¿M t/fO{_
$_ /fd -pGdf]rg ul/Psf] jif{ ;g\ @))^, pTkfbg Ifdtf $=( 6g k|lt x]S6/, afnL kfSg] cjwL !## lbg, pko'Qm If]qx¿M dWot/fO{ tyf lzjflns_
%_ av]{ #))$ -pGdf]rg ul/Psf] jif{ ;g\ @))^, g]kfn, pTkfbg Ifdtf #=( 6g k|lt x]S6/, afnL kfSg] cjwL !%& lbg, pko'Qm If]qx¿M t/fO{ tyf leqL dw]z_
^_ kf]v/]nL h]7f]a'9f] -pGdf]rg ul/Psf] jif{ ;g\ @))^, g]kfn, pTkfbg Ifdtf @=& 6g k|lt x]S6/, afnL kfSg] cjwL !*% lbg, pko'Qm If]qx¿M kfv/f ^)) b]lv ()) ld6/sf] pFrfO{leq_
&_ dGh'>L @ -pGdf]rg ul/Psf] jif{ ;g\ @))@, g]kfn, pTkfbg Ifdtf *=# 6g k|lt x]S6/, afnL kfSg] cjwL !$( lbg, pko'Qm If]qx¿M sf7df08f} pkTosf_
*_ v'dn !! -pGdf]rg ul/Psf] jif{ ;g\ @))@, g]kfn,pTkfbg Ifdtf !)=) 6g k|lt x]S6/, afnL kfSg] cjwL !$$ lbg, pko'Qm If]qx¿M sf7df08f} pkTosf_
(_ rGbggfy ! -pGdf]rg ul/Psf] jif{ ;g\ @))@, pTkfbg Ifdtf ^=) 6g k|lt x]S6/, afnL kfSg] cjwL !(! lbg, pko'Qm If]qx¿M h'Dnf tyf @#)) ld6/ pFrfOsf] lxdfnL If]q_
!)_ /fdk'/ dG;nL -pGdf]rg ul/Psf] jif{ ;g\ !(((, pTkfbg Ifdtf %=& 6g k|lt x]S6/, afnL kfSg] cjwL !#% lbg, pko'Qm If]qx¿M t/fO{, leqL t/fO{_
!!_ df5fk'R5|] # -pGdf]rg ul/Psf] jif{ ;g\ !((^, g]kfn, pTkfbg Ifdtf %=) 6g k|lt x]S6/, afnL kfSg] cjwL !&$ lbg, pko'Qm If]qx¿M dWo tyfpRr kxf8sf !#)) b]lv @))) ld6/ pFrfOsf kxfl8 If]q_
!@_ /fwf !@ -pGdf]rg ul/Psf] jif{ ;g\ !(($, pTkfbg Ifdtf $=^ 6g k|lt x]S6/, afnL kfSg] cjwL !%% lbg, pko'Qm If]qx¿M k"lj{ t/fO{_
 
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